Coalition, the world's first Active Insurance provider designed to prevent digital risk before it strikes, published its Cyber Threat Index 2025, detailing insights on cybersecurity trends from 2024 and emerging threats businesses should be aware of in 2025.
According to the report, most ransomware claims in 2024 started with threat actors compromising perimeter security appliances (58%), like virtual private networks (VPNs) or firewalls. Remote desktop products were second-most (18%) exploited for ransomware attacks.
Ransomware cyber attack
“While ransomware is a serious concern for all businesses, these insights demonstrate that threat actors’ ransomware playbook hasn’t evolved all that much—they’re still going after the same tried and true technologies with many of the same methods,” commented Alok Ojha, Coalition’s Head of Products, Security.
“This means that businesses can have a reliable playbook, too, and should focus on mitigating the riskiest security issues first to reduce the likelihood of ransomware or another cyber attack. Continuous attack surface monitoring to detect these technologies and mitigate possible vulnerabilities could mean the difference between a threat and an incident.”
Other key findings from the report
- The total number of published software vulnerabilities will increase to over 45,000 in 2025, a rate of nearly 4,000 per month and a 15% jump over the first 10 months of 2024.
- Across all ransomware claims, the most common initial access vectors (IAVs) were stolen credentials (47%) and software exploits (29%). Vendors such as Fortinet®, Cisco®, SonicWall®, Palo Alto Networks®, and Microsoft® build the most commonly compromised products.
- Exposed logins are an underappreciated driver of ransomware risk. Coalition detected over 5 million internet-exposed remote management solutions and tens of thousands of exposed login panels across the internet. When applying for cyber insurance, most businesses (65%+) had at least one internet-exposed web login panel.
Crucial security risks
Policyholders received critical alerts for just 0.15% of vulnerabilities published in the first ten months
“This year’s report focuses on the most crucial security risks that under-resourced organisations should understand to better calibrate their defensive investments to bolster resilience,” said Daniel Woods, Senior Security Researcher at Coalition.
“Calibration involves balancing security investment across vulnerabilities, misconfigurations, and threat intelligence while also responding to emerging threats, such as zero-day vulnerabilities exploited in the wild. That’s why Coalition issues Zero-Day Alerts to help businesses, especially SMBs with limited security resources, stay ahead of these vulnerabilities and reduce alert fatigue by prioritising those posing the greatest risk.”
Risk prioritisation for policyholders
Coalition employs artificial intelligence, honeypots, and human judgement to prioritise high-risk vulnerabilities based on their likelihood of exploitation. This risk prioritisation reduces alert fatigue for policyholders and helps them focus on the most critical risks.
Policyholders received critical alerts for just 0.15% of vulnerabilities published in the first ten months of 2024, and 90% never received an alert at all. These timely notifications enabled Coalition customers to remediate over 32,000 vulnerabilities last year.
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